Biography: Born in Demak, Central Java. Education: graduated from high school, continued management courses, HBS drama arts in Solo (1955), ATNI in Solo (1957) and Film Directing Workshop (KFT). Before entering the world of film, he became a journalist. From Berita Indonesia (1960), Sinar Harapan (1962-1986), and once led the newspaper Suara Pembaruan. A member of the National Film Council who is also a member of PWI, he entered the film industry since 1964 as a screenwriter.